The first verse in chapter 2 of (Romans) is key. " Therefore thou art inexcusable, O man, whosoever thou art that judgest: for wherein thou judgest another, thou condemnest thyself; for thou that judgest doest the same things.
This verse has been wrongfully used against Christians that they are not to judge. It does not say that. Paul described the state of mankind without God in (Rom. 1:18-32). In (Romans 2) he is still talking to mankind without God. Only this type of man's outward appearance does not reflect that described in (1:18-32). He sees himself better than those described. Today we would call them 'good people' . They are good people. They don't hurt anyone. They try to be good citizens and contribute to society. But, they reject God. And they sit in judgement of people whose morals are worse than theirs.
These judge by comparison. They compare their good deeds or morals with others and see themselves as ok. One of the reasons these judge themselves as ok even by God, is that they have not experienced these judgements of God seen in (Rom. 1:18-32). For that reason they believe they must be alright. This is a common trait among fallen man. (Ecc. 8:11) But Paul is clear in (Rom. 2:1). "thou that judgest doest the same things." They may not be overt. They may not be seen. But they are just as guilty. And the only reason they have not experienced these judgements is that God is longsuffering and giving time for them to repent and come to God. (Rom. 2:4) And they will be seen just as guilty on the judgemnt day. for God judges not by comparison, but by truth. (Rom. 2:2) and these moral good people without God will not escape the just judgement of God in that day. (2:3) (2:16) God sees it all.
Remember, this judgement of deeds, (Rom. 2:6,) (Rom. 2:16), is not a judgement that Christians go through. This is a judgement of the unbelievers whose deeds will find them guilty. Though they think they have done these in secret, God has seen and recorded. (Rom. 2:16) They rest on their good deeds, but God will reveal all. If they do good, fine, then they will be ok. (Rom. 2:7,10) But if not, they won't. (Rom. 2:8-9). And this applies to both Jew and Gentile good people. (Rom. 2:10-11) The Gentile good people will be found guilty, and the Jews good people will be found guilty also. Of course the Jew cries out, that he has the Law. But God says, (Rom. 2:13) "For not the hearers of the law are just before God, but the doers of the law shall be justified." My how this verse has been used to clobber the saints with. It is not saying any will be justified by keeping the Law, or that we should be following the Law. It is saying you who claim to be ok because you observe the Law are lying because only the doers of the Law shall be justified. And there are none who do not break the Law.
We can easily see why Paul must establish all guilty and under the wrath of God here at the beginning of (Romans). Because until you get man guilty before God, he doesn't see himself in need of a Saviour. No need to discuss the righteousness of God, when your righteousness is ok. This is true when we witness to people. If you're talking to a good man, he doesn't see why he needs Jesus Christ. He doesn't hurt anyone. Does good. But good ain't good enough. If you're going to compare, compare yourself with God. Then you always come up short.
Quantrill