Looking for Jesus according to Matthew

[JLG]

7)

Uruk and Ur are two important ancient cities of Sumer, in Mesopotamia, but there are key differences between them. Uruk is considered one of the world's first cities and was a center of political and economic power. Ur, on the other hand, was a more trade-oriented city and played an important role in Sumer's history.

Uruk:

It is one of the oldest cities in the world, with evidence of settlements dating back to 4000 BC.

Ur:

It was an important city, but not as large as Uruk.

It was located in a strategic area for trade, near the Persian Gulf.

It was the religious center of the city, with a large ziggurat dedicated to Nanna, the moon god.

It played an important role in Sumer's history, especially in times after Uruk's decline.

In short, Uruk was a pioneering city in the history of urbanization, while Ur was an important commercial and religious center in Sumer.

 

[JLG]

8)

What is the difference between Ur and Uruk?

Both were located in Lower Mesopotamia, but were independent city-states. Uruk was the larger city-state and was founded around 4500 BC, while Ur, located near the Persian Gulf, was built around 3800 BC.

 

[JLG]

9)


The city of Ur and Uruk

Among the strongest of the Sumerian city states were Ur and Uruk.

Ur was situates near the Persian gulf and profited from maritime trade with civilizations to the east. The city itself, surrounded by a massive defensive wall of mud brick and contained 30,000 people. Near the center of the city of Ur, stood a lofty temple dedicated to the moon god, Nanna.

From the beginning, Ur was an important trade center owing to its location at a pivotal point where the Tigris and Euphrates run into the Persian Gulf. Archaeological excavations have substantiated that, early on, Ur possessed great wealth and the citizens enjoyed a level of comfort unknown in other Mesopotamian cities. As with other great urban complexes in the region, the city began as a small village which was most likely led by a priest or priest-king.Uruk had more than 50,000 inhabitants.

 

[JLG]

10)

Uruk was one of the most important cities (at one time, the most important) in ancient Mesopotamia. According to the Sumerian King List, it was founded by King Enmerkar sometime around 4500 BCE. Located in the southern region of Sumer (modern day Warka, Iraq)

It is considered the first true city in the world, the origin of writing, the first example of architectural work in stone and the building of great stone structures, the origin of the ziggurat, and the first city to develop the cylinder seal which the ancient Mesopotamians used to designate personal property or as a signature on documents. Considering the importance the cylinder seal had for the people of the time, and that it stood for one’s personal identity and reputation, Uruk could also be credited as the city which first recognized the importance of the individual in the collective community. The city was continuously inhabited from its founding until c. 300 CE when, owing to both natural and man-made influences, people began to desert the area. It lay abandoned and buried until excavated in 1853 CE by William Loftus for the British Museum.

 

[JLG]

11)

The development of cities in Mesopotamia was a gradual process that began with agricultural settlements that developed into urban centers, driven by the division of labor, irrigated agriculture, and the specialization of labor. The first cities emerged in southern Mesopotamia, such as Eridu and Uruk, and were characterized by large temples and palaces, as well as the construction of irrigation systems and canals.

Stages of Development:

Agricultural Settlements:

Initially, Mesopotamia was a region of small agricultural settlements.

Characteristics of Mesopotamian Cities:

City-States:

The geography and nature of the region fostered the development of independent city-states.

Emergence of Cities:

Beginning around 5000 BC, some of these settlements began to grow and develop urban characteristics, such as the division of labor and the construction of public buildings.

 

[JLG]

12)

Development of Urbanization:

Urbanization spread rapidly, driven by irrigated agriculture, the specialization of labor, and the need to organize the production and distribution of goods.

City-States:

The cities of Mesopotamia, such as Eridu, Uruk, Nippur, Kish, and later Uruk, became city-states, with their own governments, laws, and religious belief systems.

Empires:

Over time, some city-states, such as those in the Akkad region, managed to unify other regions, forming empires.

Temples and Palaces:

Temples and palaces were the centers of religious, political, and economic life in cities.

Irrigation Systems:

Irrigation systems, with canals and dams, were essential for agriculture and urban development.

Division of Labor and Specialization:

The division of labor and the specialization of labor were fundamental to the economic and social development of cities. Writing:

The invention of cuneiform writing allowed for the administration and recording of transactions and knowledge.

Architecture:

Mesopotamian architecture was characterized by the construction of monumental buildings, such as ziggurats, and urban planning.

 

[JLG]

Additional Elements 1)

In ancient Babylon, the arts of divination were very important practices. They were not based on riddles, but on a system of observation, measurement, collection, and testing similar to modern scientific principles. Extispicia, the interpretation of the internal organs of sacrificed animals, and prophecy, the interpretation of divine messages, were common practices. Extispicia, in particular, was considered more important than prophecy in political and military matters. According to the Journal of Production Services, the Babylonians believed that signs from heaven and earth could provide information about the future, allowing them to make informed decisions.

 

[JLG]

Additional Elements 2)

In ancient Babylon, the number 3 was not simply a number, but had important cultural and religious significance. The number 3 appears in various traditions, such as that of the three main gods Anu, Bel, and Ea, who represent Heaven, Earth, and the Abyss. It is also found in myths and tales, such as the three wishes, the three goats, the three bears, and the three little pigs.

Furthermore, the number 3 was fundamental in geometry and trigonometry. The Babylonians used the number 3 to calculate areas, volumes, and the positions of celestial bodies.

 

[JLG]

1)

Mesopotamia: The Rise of Cities
Once upon a time, in the land known as Sumer, the people built a temple to their god, who had conquered the forces of chaos and brought order to the world. They built this temple at a place called Eridu, which was "one of the southernmost places, on the very edge of the river plain and near the marshes: the transition zone between sea and land, with its shifting waters, its islands, and its deep thickets of reeds" (Leick, 2).

 

[JLG]

2)

Mythological Origins
This marshy area, surrounded by dry land and sand dunes, represented to the people the life-giving force of their god and provided the physical manifestation of the order that god had created out of chaos. The fresh waters of life were celebrated at Eridu because they were associated with what the Sumerians called the abzu, the primordial source of all existence, the realm in which the gods lived and from which they emerged.
The god Enki emerged from the abzu and dwelt in Eridu, and the Sumerian king list states that "once kingship had descended from the heavens, it was located in Eridu." This cultural center became the first city for the Sumerians: Historian Gwendolyn Leick writes:
So the Mesopotamian Eden is not a garden but a city, formed from dry land surrounded by waters. The first building is a temple... This is how Mesopotamian tradition presented the evolution and function of cities, and Eridu is the mythical paradigm. Unlike the biblical Eden, from which humans were banished forever after the Fall, Eridu remained a real place, imbued with sanctity but always accessible.
Eridu was not only the first city in the world for the Sumerians, but also the beginning of civilization. All other cities that emerged later, the Sumerians believed, had their origin in the sand and waters surrounding Eridu.

 

[JLG]

3)

Modern Theories
Modern scholars disagree on why the world's first cities arose in the Mesopotamian region and not elsewhere. Theories range from ancient alien hypotheses to social or natural upheavals that forced people to coalesce in urban centers, environmental problems, and even the forced migration of rural communities to cities. None of these theories is universally accepted, although every reputable scholar rejects the ancient alien hypothesis. However, what they do agree on is that, at the very moment the ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia decided to begin the process of urbanization, they changed the way human beings would live forever. Historian Kriwaczek writes:
This was a revolutionary moment in human history. The [Sumerians] aimed for nothing less than to change the world. They were the first to adopt the principle that has driven progress and advancement throughout history, and that still motivates most of us today: the conviction that it is humanity's right, its mission and its destiny, to transform and improve nature and become its master.

 

[JLG]

4)

The Eridu site doesn't offer much to suggest that it was once anything more than a sacred center; perhaps something we would define today as a large town or village.
The principle Kriwaczek refers to may be nothing more than the natural inclination of human beings to gather together for safety from the elements, or it may be rooted in religion and shared religious practices, which, among the benefits they offer, offer reassurance that there is order and meaning behind the seemingly random events of life. Historian Lewis Mumford states that "the habit of resorting to caves for the collective celebration of magical ceremonies appears to date back to an earlier period, and whole communities, living in caves and hollowed-out rock faces, have survived in widely scattered areas to the present day." The design of the city as an external form as well as an internal pattern of life may have had equally ancient origins". Whatever led to the development of the first cities in Mesopotamia, the world would never be the same again.

 

[JLG]

5)

Kriwaczek writes:
From before 4000 BC, for the next ten to fifteen centuries, the people of Eridu and their neighbors laid the foundations for almost everything we know as civilization. It has been called the Urban Revolution, although in reality the invention of cities was the least of it. With cities came the centralized state, the hierarchy of social classes, the division of labor, organized religion, monumental construction, civil engineering, writing, literature, sculpture, art, music, education, mathematics, and law, not to mention an enormous range of new inventions and discoveries, from things as basic as wheeled vehicles and ships to the potter's kiln, metallurgy, and the creation of synthetic materials. And to top it all off, there's the enormous collection of notions and ideas so fundamental to our way of seeing the world, such as the concept of numbers, or weights, completely independent of the objects being counted or weighed (the number 10, or a kilo), which we've long since forgotten had to be discovered or invented. Southern Mesopotamia is the place where all this was first achieved.

 

[JLG]

6)

The Rise of Uruk
The concept of a city, first expressed in the construction of Eridu, did not remain there for long. Urbanization spread rapidly throughout the Sumerian region beginning around 4500 BC with the rise of the city of Uruk, now considered the world's first city. Eridu may be the world's first city, as Sumerian myths proclaim, but Eridu was founded around 5400 BC, long before the invention of writing (around 3000 BC), and by then, Uruk had been established for some time and had created and discarded numerous artifacts that today attest to its size and population, thus substantiating the claim that Uruk is the world's first city. The Eridu site, on the other hand, does not offer much to suggest that it was ever anything more than a sacred center, perhaps something that today we would define as a large town or village.

 

[JLG]

7)

Uruk and Eridu in Mythology
Sumerian mythology supports the claim that Uruk replaced Eridu in the poem "Inanna and the God of Wisdom." In this work, the goddess Inanna, whose home is in Uruk, goes to Eridu to visit her father, Enki. Kriwaczek points out that,
The Mesopotamians recognized Enki as the god who brings civilization to humanity. He is the one who gives rulers their intelligence and knowledge; he "opens the doors of understanding." He is not the ruler of the universe, but the wise counselor of the gods and their elder brother. Most importantly, Enki was the custodian of the meh, what the great Assyriologist Samuel Noah Kramer explained as the "fundamental, unalterable, and complete array of powers and duties, norms and standards, rules and regulations, related to civilized life."

 

[Garee]

7)

Uruk and Eridu in Mythology
Sumerian mythology supports the claim that Uruk replaced Eridu in the poem "Inanna and the God of Wisdom." In this work, the goddess Inanna, whose home is in Uruk, goes to Eridu to visit her father, Enki. Kriwaczek points out that,
The Mesopotamians recognized Enki as the god who brings civilization to humanity. He is the one who gives rulers their intelligence and knowledge; he "opens the doors of understanding." He is not the ruler of the universe, but the wise counselor of the gods and their elder brother. Most importantly, Enki was the custodian of the meh, what the great Assyriologist Samuel Noah Kramer explained as the "fundamental, unalterable, and complete array of powers and duties, norms and standards, rules and regulations, related to civilized life."

Thanks, interesting. .

Mythology is counterfeit Christianity. The religion of reincarnation Paganism. "Out of sight out of mind" Our invisible God calls fools.

Mythology The counterfeit of the law of the priesthood of believers that go out two by two preaching the gospel.

The true law below using Aaron to represent the Chrisitan bride sent out as apostles to preach the word of God.represented by Moses

Exodus 7And the Lord said unto Moses, See, I have made thee a god to Pharaoh: and Aaron thy brother shall be thy prophet.
Thou shalt speak all that I command thee: and Aaron thy brother shall speak unto Pharaoh, that he send the children of Israel out of his land.

Moses to represent our Holy Father in mythology in Acts 14 called Barnabas, Jupiter And Mercury Paul to represent those sent from the Father of gods Jupiter

Acts14:11-13;And when the people saw what Paul had done, they lifted up their voices, saying in the speech of Lycaonia, The gods are come down to us in the likeness of men.And they called Barnabas, Jupiter; and Paul, Mercurius, because he was the chief speaker.
.

 

[Deep Seeker]

8) Jesus vs the religious leaders


Matthew 9: Jesus goes to different cities and villages and teaching in their synagogues and preaching the good news of the Kingdom and curing people!

- Jesus is a good example of hard work for God to follow, the religious leaders are not as they are busy looking for their own interests!

Did I misunderstand Your statement ?
Jesus is an example OF HARD WORK ? Not by works, least any man boost.
DeepSeeker

 

[Garee]

Did I misunderstand Your statement ?
Jesus is an example OF HARD WORK ? Not by works, least any man boost.
DeepSeeker

Not from works dying , dead mankind They must be born again from above


Yes the Holy Father, Christ working in the son of man Jesus displaying the Father's power to work as a labor of His love.

Jesus being strengthened by the daily bread the food the disciples knew not of. The bread of eternal life born again power from the Father to both the key give ears to hear and power to finish the work giving all the glory to our invisible Holy Father. Our Holy Father cales it the better thing the accompanies salvation

Hebrews 6:9-10 ;But, beloved, we are persuaded better things of you, and things that accompany salvation, though we thus speak.;For God is not unrighteous to forget your work and labour of love, which ye have shewed toward his name, (Power) in that ye have ministered to the saints, and do minister.

John 4:33-35;Therefore said the disciples one to another, Hath any man brought him ought to eat?;Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to do the will of him that sent me, and to finish his work.

Again, the better things that accompanies salvation "both" to hear the loving commandment and empower dying mankind to perform it to his eternal good pleasure

 

[JLG]

Did I misunderstand Your statement ?
Jesus is an example OF HARD WORK ? Not by works, least any man boost.
DeepSeeker

John 5:17

16Now because Jesus was doing these things on the Sabbath, the Jews began to persecute Him.17But Jesus answered them, “To this very day My Father is at His work, and I too am working.”

My
μου (mou)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular
Strong's 1473: I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.

Father
Πατήρ (Patēr)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3962: Father, (Heavenly) Father, ancestor, elder, senior. Apparently a primary word; a 'father'.

is at His work,
ἐργάζεται (ergazetai)
Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 2038: To work, trade, perform, do, practice, commit, acquire by labor.

and I too
κἀγὼ (kagō)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular
Strong's 2504: To also, I too, but I. From kai and ego; so also the dative case kamoi, and accusative case kame and I, me.

am working.”
ἐργάζομαι (ergazomai)
Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 1st Person Singular
Strong's 2038: To work, trade, perform, do, practice, commit, acquire by labor.

 

[JLG]

Fonne Deleeuw said:

That Uruk replaced Eridu as a religious center is not a claim I think. Eridu already existed 5400BC.
The area around Eridu was also where the family Adam and Eve of Eden lived, And their creation story runs strongly parallel to the religious beliefs about the creation by Enki. The god who brought order to chaos, separated the waters of heaven and earth, sculpted man from clay, …

My answer:

- When we look at the history of Mesopotamia, we can see how different cities develop, some become bigger and more powerful, others regress!

- We can say the same with cities in Grecia and many other places in the world!

- We can say the same with empires!

- But there is one thing we can be sure, nothing remains the same in human history!

- I said human history!

- The Bible says that it will be different with Yah.weh’s kingdom!

- It will last forever and no one will be authorized to rebel!

- But it won’t be any dictatorship, men will participate!

- And everything will be done to improve everything, not to deteriorate everything!