tulsa 2011
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William Tyndale and John Gill On the Anti-Christ
When claiming that the early church fathers interpreted I John 2: 18 and I John 4: 2-3 to mean that there is to be a future one man anti-Christ who is a political leader, the actual quotes for this need to be shown. They may be using the singular anti-Christ as a type, when, in fact, they are not saying there is to be one anti-Christ in the future. And they are sometimes talking about the man of sin of II Thessalonians 2: 3-7 and not the prophecy in I John 2 and 4. In addition, in referring the the anti-Christ type, the early church fathers were talking about anti-Christs being religious guys, like Simon Magus, the Menandrians, Saturnilians, Basilidians, Nicolaites, Gnostics, Carpocratians, Cerinthians, Ebionites, and Nazarenes, not political leaders.
"Some persons think us too severe and censorious when we call the Roman pontiff Antichrist. But those who are of this opinion do not consider that they bring the same charge of presumption against Paul himself, after whom we speak and whose language we adopt... I shall briefly show that (Paul's words in II Thess. 2) are not capable of any other interpretation than that which applies them to the Papacy." John Calvin, in the Institutes.
Calvin was applying the prophecy of the anti-Christ to one man, the Pope.
Yet, early in the Reformation, William Tyndale, and later in 1697 to 1771, a follower of Calvinism who was an English Baptist, John Gill, do not agree with Calvin - if Calvin means that the prophecy of anti-Christ applies to one man only and is totally fulfilled in that one man anti-Christ. Calvin may have agreed that there were other anti-Christs before the Pope and would be others after the Pope..
William Tyndale said "The Jews look for Christ, and he came fifteen hundred years ago and they are not aware of it. And we also have looked for Antichrist, and he hath reigned as long, and we are not aware – and that because we both look carnally for him, and not in the places where we ought … The Jews would have found Christ verily if they had sought him in the law and the prophets, whither Christ sendeth them to seek. (John v.) We also would have spied out Antichrist long ago if we had looked in the doctrine of Christ and his apostles." Tyndale, Parable of the Wicked Mammon, Benedicton Classics facsimile reprint, 2008, p 5.
William Tyndale lived from 1494 to 1536 and was one of the important early reformers. He translated the Bible from the original Greek and Hebrew, while earlier English translations were from the Latin Vulgate of Jerome. Tyndale consistently translated ekklesia as congregation, except for Acts 14: 13 and Acts 19: 37 where he used churche, meaning a pagan place of worship. Tyndale was the first English translator of the Textus Receptus to use "And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie" in II Thessalonians 2: 11.
The William Tyndale Bible of 1526 for II Thessalonians 2: 3-7 says "Let no man deceive you by any means, for the Lord cometh not, except there come a departing first, and that sinful man be opened, the son of perdition which is an adversary, and is exalted above all that is called God, or that is worshipped: so that he shall sit in the temple of god, and shew himself as god. Remember ye not, that when I was yet with you, I told you these things? And now ye know what withholdeth: even that he might be uttered at his time. For already the mystery of iniquity worketh. Only he that holdeth, let him now hold, until he be taken out of the way.."
The King James Version for II Thessalonians 2: 6-7 is different,and says "And now ye know what withholdeth that he might be revealed in his time. For the mystery of iniquity doth already work: only he who now letteth will let, until he be taken out of the way."
The key difference between the King James and the Tyndale translation is the English word "holdeth," in Tyndale's Bible, from katecho, Strong's Exhaustive Concordance Number 2722, "to hold down, withhold..." Letteth in the King James can mean to restrain. But Tyndale translates it as "holdeth," meaning to lock in place that takeover of the temple of God in the believer by the sinful man.
The King James Version supports the interpretation that the man of sin is to appear sometime in a future when the restrainer is taken out of the way. Since Paul says that the falling away from sound doctrine is to occur at the time of the appearing of the man of sin, then the King James Version could also support the idea that the falling away is also some time in the future, and has not begun to occur yet.
Tyndale added the word spirit to I John 4: 3, an addition followed by the King James Version of 1611. Literally, the Greek says for I John 4: 3, και παν πνευμα ο μη ομολογει τον ιησουν χριστον εν σαρκι εληλυθοτα εκ του θεου ουκ εστιν και τουτο εστιν το του αντιχριστου ο ακηκοατε οτι ερχεται και νυν εν τω κοσμω εστιν ηδη
There is no πνευμα (pneuma, spirit) following και τουτο εστιν το (and this is that) του αντιχριστου (of the antichrist). Tyndale added spirit for the word which is left out of John's Greek.
"And every spirit which confesseth not that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh is not of God. And this is that spirit of Antichrist of whom ye have heard how that he shuld come: and even now already is he in the world." Tyndale Bible for I John 4: 3
On the issue of whether there is a future one man anti-Christ or the spirit of anti-Christ has been around a long time and exists now, John Gill gives a view of the anti-Christ held by him and probably reflecting the view of others at the time (1697-1771).
I John 2: 18
"The apostle might well say there were many, since in his time were the followers of Simon Magus, the Menandrians, Saturnilians, Basilidians, Nicolaites, Gnostics, Carpocratians, Cerinthians, Ebionites, and Nazarenes, as reckoned up by Epiphanius. And hence we learn, that antichrist is not one single individual, but many; antichrist in the former clause is explained by antichrists in this; see ( 1 John 2:22 ) ( 1 John 4:1 1 John 4:3 ) ( 2 John 7 ) ; and though the popes of Rome are, by way of eminence, the antichrist that should come, and which those deceivers were the forerunners of, and paved the way for; yet they are not the only antichrists, there were others before them, and there are many now besides them."
I John 4:3
"And this is that [spirit] of antichrist:
who is against Christ, or opposes himself to him; as he who denies his sonship, his deity, his humanity, his offices, and his grace, manifestly does; every doctrine that is calculated against these truths is the spirit and doctrine of antichrist:"
The dispensationalist "hermeneutic" on their one man anti-Christ goes sort of like this:...First, decide that there is to be a future one man anti-Christ, and then take each sentence in I John 2: 18 and in I John 4: 2-3 to be separate from the other verses and assume that each verse creates a doctrine on anti-Christ. Then pick out the first sentence of I John 2: 18, "Little children, it is the last time, and as ye have heard that anti-Christ shall come..." and use this to prove that there is a future one man anti-Christ figure.
How can John be saying there is one anti-Christ, but there are many anti-Christs when he was writing and that there is a spirit of anti-Christ? The answer is that he is not saying there is one anti-Christ, but he is using the singular anti-Christ as a type, or you might say an office. The second beast of Revelation 13: 11-18 is not identified there as the False Prophet, but what this beast does shows he is the False Prophet, but not one man. Again, he is a type, or an office of False Prophet, where the office is filled at any one time by a huge number of individuals. The type, False Prophet, is thrown into the lake of fire in Revelation 19: 20.
Why is it so important to dispensationalists that the prophecies on anti-Christ in I John refer to one individual anti-Christ who is to come in the future and do not refer to a spirit of anti-Christ which has existed all along and means a rejection of Christ, or a severe diminishing of him and of his Gospel? One reason is to take attention away from any idea that Israel of the flesh is of the spirit of anti-Christ. In supporting Israel of the flesh, dispensationalists do not want to be seen as supporting the spirit of antichrist, so they replace the anti-Christ spirit by a one man figure who is not here now but will come sometime in the future.
When claiming that the early church fathers interpreted I John 2: 18 and I John 4: 2-3 to mean that there is to be a future one man anti-Christ who is a political leader, the actual quotes for this need to be shown. They may be using the singular anti-Christ as a type, when, in fact, they are not saying there is to be one anti-Christ in the future. And they are sometimes talking about the man of sin of II Thessalonians 2: 3-7 and not the prophecy in I John 2 and 4. In addition, in referring the the anti-Christ type, the early church fathers were talking about anti-Christs being religious guys, like Simon Magus, the Menandrians, Saturnilians, Basilidians, Nicolaites, Gnostics, Carpocratians, Cerinthians, Ebionites, and Nazarenes, not political leaders.
"Some persons think us too severe and censorious when we call the Roman pontiff Antichrist. But those who are of this opinion do not consider that they bring the same charge of presumption against Paul himself, after whom we speak and whose language we adopt... I shall briefly show that (Paul's words in II Thess. 2) are not capable of any other interpretation than that which applies them to the Papacy." John Calvin, in the Institutes.
Calvin was applying the prophecy of the anti-Christ to one man, the Pope.
Yet, early in the Reformation, William Tyndale, and later in 1697 to 1771, a follower of Calvinism who was an English Baptist, John Gill, do not agree with Calvin - if Calvin means that the prophecy of anti-Christ applies to one man only and is totally fulfilled in that one man anti-Christ. Calvin may have agreed that there were other anti-Christs before the Pope and would be others after the Pope..
William Tyndale said "The Jews look for Christ, and he came fifteen hundred years ago and they are not aware of it. And we also have looked for Antichrist, and he hath reigned as long, and we are not aware – and that because we both look carnally for him, and not in the places where we ought … The Jews would have found Christ verily if they had sought him in the law and the prophets, whither Christ sendeth them to seek. (John v.) We also would have spied out Antichrist long ago if we had looked in the doctrine of Christ and his apostles." Tyndale, Parable of the Wicked Mammon, Benedicton Classics facsimile reprint, 2008, p 5.
William Tyndale lived from 1494 to 1536 and was one of the important early reformers. He translated the Bible from the original Greek and Hebrew, while earlier English translations were from the Latin Vulgate of Jerome. Tyndale consistently translated ekklesia as congregation, except for Acts 14: 13 and Acts 19: 37 where he used churche, meaning a pagan place of worship. Tyndale was the first English translator of the Textus Receptus to use "And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie" in II Thessalonians 2: 11.
The William Tyndale Bible of 1526 for II Thessalonians 2: 3-7 says "Let no man deceive you by any means, for the Lord cometh not, except there come a departing first, and that sinful man be opened, the son of perdition which is an adversary, and is exalted above all that is called God, or that is worshipped: so that he shall sit in the temple of god, and shew himself as god. Remember ye not, that when I was yet with you, I told you these things? And now ye know what withholdeth: even that he might be uttered at his time. For already the mystery of iniquity worketh. Only he that holdeth, let him now hold, until he be taken out of the way.."
The King James Version for II Thessalonians 2: 6-7 is different,and says "And now ye know what withholdeth that he might be revealed in his time. For the mystery of iniquity doth already work: only he who now letteth will let, until he be taken out of the way."
The key difference between the King James and the Tyndale translation is the English word "holdeth," in Tyndale's Bible, from katecho, Strong's Exhaustive Concordance Number 2722, "to hold down, withhold..." Letteth in the King James can mean to restrain. But Tyndale translates it as "holdeth," meaning to lock in place that takeover of the temple of God in the believer by the sinful man.
The King James Version supports the interpretation that the man of sin is to appear sometime in a future when the restrainer is taken out of the way. Since Paul says that the falling away from sound doctrine is to occur at the time of the appearing of the man of sin, then the King James Version could also support the idea that the falling away is also some time in the future, and has not begun to occur yet.
Tyndale added the word spirit to I John 4: 3, an addition followed by the King James Version of 1611. Literally, the Greek says for I John 4: 3, και παν πνευμα ο μη ομολογει τον ιησουν χριστον εν σαρκι εληλυθοτα εκ του θεου ουκ εστιν και τουτο εστιν το του αντιχριστου ο ακηκοατε οτι ερχεται και νυν εν τω κοσμω εστιν ηδη
There is no πνευμα (pneuma, spirit) following και τουτο εστιν το (and this is that) του αντιχριστου (of the antichrist). Tyndale added spirit for the word which is left out of John's Greek.
"And every spirit which confesseth not that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh is not of God. And this is that spirit of Antichrist of whom ye have heard how that he shuld come: and even now already is he in the world." Tyndale Bible for I John 4: 3
On the issue of whether there is a future one man anti-Christ or the spirit of anti-Christ has been around a long time and exists now, John Gill gives a view of the anti-Christ held by him and probably reflecting the view of others at the time (1697-1771).
I John 2: 18
"The apostle might well say there were many, since in his time were the followers of Simon Magus, the Menandrians, Saturnilians, Basilidians, Nicolaites, Gnostics, Carpocratians, Cerinthians, Ebionites, and Nazarenes, as reckoned up by Epiphanius. And hence we learn, that antichrist is not one single individual, but many; antichrist in the former clause is explained by antichrists in this; see ( 1 John 2:22 ) ( 1 John 4:1 1 John 4:3 ) ( 2 John 7 ) ; and though the popes of Rome are, by way of eminence, the antichrist that should come, and which those deceivers were the forerunners of, and paved the way for; yet they are not the only antichrists, there were others before them, and there are many now besides them."
I John 4:3
"And this is that [spirit] of antichrist:
who is against Christ, or opposes himself to him; as he who denies his sonship, his deity, his humanity, his offices, and his grace, manifestly does; every doctrine that is calculated against these truths is the spirit and doctrine of antichrist:"
The dispensationalist "hermeneutic" on their one man anti-Christ goes sort of like this:...First, decide that there is to be a future one man anti-Christ, and then take each sentence in I John 2: 18 and in I John 4: 2-3 to be separate from the other verses and assume that each verse creates a doctrine on anti-Christ. Then pick out the first sentence of I John 2: 18, "Little children, it is the last time, and as ye have heard that anti-Christ shall come..." and use this to prove that there is a future one man anti-Christ figure.
How can John be saying there is one anti-Christ, but there are many anti-Christs when he was writing and that there is a spirit of anti-Christ? The answer is that he is not saying there is one anti-Christ, but he is using the singular anti-Christ as a type, or you might say an office. The second beast of Revelation 13: 11-18 is not identified there as the False Prophet, but what this beast does shows he is the False Prophet, but not one man. Again, he is a type, or an office of False Prophet, where the office is filled at any one time by a huge number of individuals. The type, False Prophet, is thrown into the lake of fire in Revelation 19: 20.
Why is it so important to dispensationalists that the prophecies on anti-Christ in I John refer to one individual anti-Christ who is to come in the future and do not refer to a spirit of anti-Christ which has existed all along and means a rejection of Christ, or a severe diminishing of him and of his Gospel? One reason is to take attention away from any idea that Israel of the flesh is of the spirit of anti-Christ. In supporting Israel of the flesh, dispensationalists do not want to be seen as supporting the spirit of antichrist, so they replace the anti-Christ spirit by a one man figure who is not here now but will come sometime in the future.
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