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1 Timothy 2:5
For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus;
My Reference is Wikipedia for the term "Mediation":
Mediation, as used in law, is a form of alternative dispute resolution (ADR), a way of resolving disputes between two or more parties with concrete effects. Typically, a third party, the mediator assists the parties to negotiate a settlement.
What is the purpose of Jesus as the Mediator?
Jesus came to mediate sin between the time of Adam and the Cross. This means Jesus is only mediating sins that were under the “first covenant;” “not the second.” Jesus was mediating man's reconciliation back unto God through the atonement for sins. Without the atonement, reconciliation is not possible. Jesus had to become the way, the truth and the life, through the cross, in order for this mediation to be successful (John 14:6).
Hebrews 9:15
...Jesus is the mediator of the New Testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions "that were under the first testament," they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.
There is no mention of Jesus mediating "for sins under" the second covenant. Jesus as the mediator for sins "under the first covenant" intervened by sin transfer (2Corinthians 5:21). Jesus using His own body as the recipient to take upon Himself all the sins of the world (John 1:29; Hebrews 10:5); He condemned sin in the flesh; by dying in sin, thereby, rendering judgment upon sin at the cross (Romans 8:3). By doing this, Jesus mediates who can and who cannot enter into this New Covenant.
Under the New Covenant God sees sin as being inactive; because of its cancellation; by the blood of Jesus Christ (Hebrews 9:26).
Greek definition of "put away":
G115 ἀθέτησις [A)QE/THSIS] {athétēsis} \ath-et'-ay-sis\
from 114; cancellation (literally or figuratively):--disannulling, put away.
Romans 3:25
...God has set forth (Jesus) to be a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins (plural) "that are past," through the forbearance of God;
What settlement was Jesus mediating on man's behalf?
Jesus was mediating reconciliation and peace between God and man. This was necessary because "Sin" caused enmity between God and man. If sin could be taken away and removed by the mediator, the enmity "would" also be removed.
In this "Sin" transfer, did Jesus also receive the punishment that the law required if a person sinned against the Law? Yes, Jesus received the full extent of what the law would allow for punishment if a person broke the law (Deuteronomy 25:1-3) (Isaiah 53:4, 5; 10-12).
Because Jesus received the punishment for man, is it possible for man to be punished for his future sins? No! It's not possible. Jesus was punished for all the sins of the world as if He was the only person that committed the sin in the world; and because sin was imputed to Jesus on man's behalf, they were removed for all time. The punishment has also been removed for all time. The punishment came as a result of sin; now that sin has been condemned and taken away, the punishment for sin has also been removed and taken away (Romans 8:2). It is not possible to have punishment without the sin. The punishment is the result of sin (Genesis 3:13-19). It is also not possible to have sin without the punishment (Romans 6:23). Where there is no sin, there is no punishment for sin. It "is not" where there is no punishment, sin still exists.
Sin is only active if God declares it to be active (Romans 5:12). Man cannot disannul what God has annulled (Romans 3:4). Because of Jesus, the mediator, the actions of a man's works contrary to the law is "not being declared" as sin (1Corinthians 5:19); God is not imputing sin or declaring man to have sinned. Why? because the mediator took man's sins upon Himself once for all time (John 1:29) (Hebrews 10: 10, 12, 14; 9:26).
God established a contract/covenant with man through Jesus Christ that He cannot break (Psalms 89:34). The contract or covenant states that God will no longer remember man's sins under the New Covenant.
Romans 11:27
For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall "take away" their sins.
Greek definition for"take away":
G851 ἀφαιρέω [A)FAIRE/W] {aphairéō} \af-ahee-reh'-o\
from 575 and 138; to remove (literally or figuratively):--cut (smite) off, take away.
Jeremiah 31:33
But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the Lord, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people.
Jeremiah 31:34
And they shall teach no more every man his neighbor, and every man his brother, saying,
Know the Lord: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, said the Lord: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.
For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus;
My Reference is Wikipedia for the term "Mediation":
Mediation, as used in law, is a form of alternative dispute resolution (ADR), a way of resolving disputes between two or more parties with concrete effects. Typically, a third party, the mediator assists the parties to negotiate a settlement.
What is the purpose of Jesus as the Mediator?
Jesus came to mediate sin between the time of Adam and the Cross. This means Jesus is only mediating sins that were under the “first covenant;” “not the second.” Jesus was mediating man's reconciliation back unto God through the atonement for sins. Without the atonement, reconciliation is not possible. Jesus had to become the way, the truth and the life, through the cross, in order for this mediation to be successful (John 14:6).
Hebrews 9:15
...Jesus is the mediator of the New Testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions "that were under the first testament," they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.
There is no mention of Jesus mediating "for sins under" the second covenant. Jesus as the mediator for sins "under the first covenant" intervened by sin transfer (2Corinthians 5:21). Jesus using His own body as the recipient to take upon Himself all the sins of the world (John 1:29; Hebrews 10:5); He condemned sin in the flesh; by dying in sin, thereby, rendering judgment upon sin at the cross (Romans 8:3). By doing this, Jesus mediates who can and who cannot enter into this New Covenant.
Under the New Covenant God sees sin as being inactive; because of its cancellation; by the blood of Jesus Christ (Hebrews 9:26).
Greek definition of "put away":
G115 ἀθέτησις [A)QE/THSIS] {athétēsis} \ath-et'-ay-sis\
from 114; cancellation (literally or figuratively):--disannulling, put away.
Romans 3:25
...God has set forth (Jesus) to be a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins (plural) "that are past," through the forbearance of God;
What settlement was Jesus mediating on man's behalf?
Jesus was mediating reconciliation and peace between God and man. This was necessary because "Sin" caused enmity between God and man. If sin could be taken away and removed by the mediator, the enmity "would" also be removed.
In this "Sin" transfer, did Jesus also receive the punishment that the law required if a person sinned against the Law? Yes, Jesus received the full extent of what the law would allow for punishment if a person broke the law (Deuteronomy 25:1-3) (Isaiah 53:4, 5; 10-12).
Because Jesus received the punishment for man, is it possible for man to be punished for his future sins? No! It's not possible. Jesus was punished for all the sins of the world as if He was the only person that committed the sin in the world; and because sin was imputed to Jesus on man's behalf, they were removed for all time. The punishment has also been removed for all time. The punishment came as a result of sin; now that sin has been condemned and taken away, the punishment for sin has also been removed and taken away (Romans 8:2). It is not possible to have punishment without the sin. The punishment is the result of sin (Genesis 3:13-19). It is also not possible to have sin without the punishment (Romans 6:23). Where there is no sin, there is no punishment for sin. It "is not" where there is no punishment, sin still exists.
Sin is only active if God declares it to be active (Romans 5:12). Man cannot disannul what God has annulled (Romans 3:4). Because of Jesus, the mediator, the actions of a man's works contrary to the law is "not being declared" as sin (1Corinthians 5:19); God is not imputing sin or declaring man to have sinned. Why? because the mediator took man's sins upon Himself once for all time (John 1:29) (Hebrews 10: 10, 12, 14; 9:26).
God established a contract/covenant with man through Jesus Christ that He cannot break (Psalms 89:34). The contract or covenant states that God will no longer remember man's sins under the New Covenant.
Romans 11:27
For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall "take away" their sins.
Greek definition for"take away":
G851 ἀφαιρέω [A)FAIRE/W] {aphairéō} \af-ahee-reh'-o\
from 575 and 138; to remove (literally or figuratively):--cut (smite) off, take away.
Jeremiah 31:33
But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the Lord, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people.
Jeremiah 31:34
And they shall teach no more every man his neighbor, and every man his brother, saying,
Know the Lord: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, said the Lord: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.